Marina Hiller Foshaugen

• Foshaugen, Marina Hiller (2025). Nocturnal policing: a study of public, private and voluntary policing in the night-time economy. Policing and Society: An International Journal of Research and Policy. ISSN 1043-9463. 35(9), p. 1219–1234. doi: 10.1080/10439463.2025.2473584. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This article draws attention to the nightlife environment as a peculiar temporal and spatial context through an exploration of public, private and voluntary policing actors’ roles in order maintenance at nighttime. Urban cities with a well-established night-time economy commonly experience intoxication or alcohol-fuelled disorder, anti-social behaviour and perceived unsafety, as well as the involvement of policing agencies striving to manage nightlife areas and nightlife attendees. The present study is situated within the context of urban Oslo, Norway and draws on fieldwork with public, private and voluntary organisations involved in the control of nightlife areas and attendees. Their work is characterised by managing dualities between facilitating for nightlife attendees, navigating intoxication and alcohol-fuelled disorder, identifying vulnerable individuals and situations filled with uncertainty. As such situations receive a particular focus by policing organisations at nighttime, the findings suggest that order maintenance and division of labour between public, private and voluntary agencies are filled with ambiguities specific to the temporal and spatial context of nightlife environments. I find that the policing actors’ management of nightlife attendees’ nuisance receives acceptance to a certain extent, and further argue that disorderly conduct changes during the circadian cycle. Drawing on these insights, I develop the term ‘nocturnal policing’ aiming to capture a temporally conditioned form of order maintenance work in nightlife environments.

• Foshaugen, Marina Hiller (2024). Notions of power in the plural policing of nightlife. Nordic Journal of Criminology. ISSN 2578-983X. 26(1). doi: 10.18261/njc.26.1.7. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This article explores policing organisations’ notions of power and their perceived ability to ensure public order in nightlife environments, drawing on fieldwork with patrolling police units, private security guards and the voluntary organisation ‘the Night Ravens’ in Oslo, Norway. Although the formal right to use power through force and coercion towards citizens rests with the public police, previous research has demonstrated that uniformed personnel in general could represent or symbolise authority relative to the public. I question how notions of power underpin order maintenance activities conducted by policing agencies whose work is covered by different legal frameworks. The findings show that power in order maintenance work is seen as a relative phenomenon, primarily comprehended as a legal feature that rests with the public police. However, participants in private and voluntary organisations also describe opportunities to enforce order in the nightlife setting. The article discusses the similarities and differences between the three agencies and provides insight into the nexus of power and order in public, private and voluntary policing.

• Foshaugen, Marina Hiller & Vestad, Maja (2024). Productive policing: Lessons from preventative police strategies in times of New Public Management. Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice. ISSN 1752-4512. 18. doi: 10.1093/police/paae108. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Police patrol work intersects the global trends of both crime prevention strategies and New Public Management (NPM). Based on a case study conducted among operative policing units in the Norwegian nighttime economy, we canvass lessons from environments in which the tensions that arise from reactive and proactive police strategies are particularly evident. The emphasis on measurable and quantifiable tasks in line with NPM principles, coupled with the pressures to perform according to an overall strategy of crime prevention, present challenges for proactive policing conducted at street-level. The practical implications of this strategic duality are discussed. We suggest that the notion of productive policing sits at the core of this tension as a way of producing both order and quantifiable outcomes.

• Foshaugen, Marina Hiller (2024). ‘Why on Earth Aren’t You Doing Anything?’: Private and Voluntary Policing of Nightlife in Norway. British Journal of Criminology. ISSN 0007-0955. doi: 10.1093/bjc/azae056. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This paper explores the role of private security guards and volunteers from ‘The Night Ravens’, and their contribution to the policing of nightlife in Norway. One of their functions in this context is to ‘observe and report’ if they witness deviant, severe or illegal activity. However, the situations they encounter, and expectations associated with their role, may problematize this intended function. This paper analyses experiences and self-understandings of these actors’ practices and argues that conflicting norms affect their role when policing the nightlife. Through observations and interviews with bouncers and Night Raven volunteers, empirical data shows that their organizational mandate, the situations they encounter and relations to others poses different considerations that potentially create tension regarding their role and agency.

• Foshaugen, Marina Hiller (2022). Forebyggende arbeid i bybildet – en komparativ studie av offentlig, privat og frivillig polisiær virksomhet. Nordisk Tidsskrift for Kriminalvidenskab. ISSN 0029-1528. 109(1), p. 70–77. Full text in Research Archive
• Foshaugen, Marina Hiller (2021). Sosial kontroll som kriminalitetsforebyggende strategi. In Hanssen, Gro Sandkjær & Millstein, Marianne (Ed.), Demokratiske byrom. Universitetsforlaget. ISSN 9788215042763. p. 420–435. Full text in Research Archive
• Foshaugen, Marina Hiller (2020). Politi og arkitekters forebyggingslogikker: Forståelser av kriminalitetsforebyggende arbeid i offentlige rom. Nordisk Tidsskrift for Kriminalvidenskab. ISSN 0029-1528. p. 158–174. doi: 10.7146/ntfk.v107i2.124871. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This article focuses on crime prevention through architecture, environmental design and other situational modifications to public space. Today’s crime control is characterized by a continuously expanding focus on prevention and the proliferation of new contributions to preventive work. In the literature, the situational crime prevention approach is an acknowledged and well-known field in which strategies have been used to reduce crime in public spaces for decades. In Norway, however, this remains an area of crime prevention with little empirical data. The current study therefore attempts to fill this gap in Norwegian research. Based on interviews with architects and police personnel, the article explores these actors interpret and understand prevention through architecture, environment and physical design. The main aim is to examine approaches to crime prevention in public spaces in regards to safety, security, risk and social control.

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• Hol, Maud & Foshaugen, Marina Hiller (2026). Nattetid = alkohol, støy og ulykker? [Internet]. Universitetet i Oslo. doi: https:/www.uio.no/forskning/forskningsnytt/artikler/2026/nattens-kaos-politi-vektere-natteravner.html. Full text in Research Archive
• Ugelvik, Thomas & Foshaugen, Marina Hiller (2026). 31 Marina Hiller Foshaugen: Utelivsforskning, kriminologi som livskall, å være faglig starstruck. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Podcast Episode · Kriminologene · 13/01/2026 · 1h 2m

• Foshaugen, Marina Hiller; Vestad, Maja & Boyle, Rose Elizabeth (2023). ‘A 5-star hotel, but hard to escape’: Online reviews of Norwegian prisons. Full text in Research Archive
• Vestad, Maja; Boyle, Rose Elizabeth & Foshaugen, Marina Hiller (2023). 5-star hotel, with terrible room service? A digital criminology of prisons featured in Google Maps’ reviews. Nordic Criminology Blog. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  https://www.nsfk.org/blog/5-star-hotel-with-terrible-room-service-a-digital-criminology-of-prisons-featured-in-google-maps-reviews/

• Foshaugen, Marina Hiller (2023). "Gode rom for folk": Kriminalitetsforebyggende arbeid i offentlige rom. Full text in Research Archive
• Foshaugen, Marina Hiller (2023). Intervening in private and voluntary policing of nightlife. Full text in Research Archive
• Vestad, Maja & Foshaugen, Marina Hiller (2022). Policing acute and crowded crime scenes: Confluences of proactive and reactive police work. Full text in Research Archive
• Foshaugen, Marina Hiller (2022). Preventative policing in public spaces. Full text in Research Archive
• Foshaugen, Marina Hiller (2022). Introduction to situational crime prevention. Full text in Research Archive
• Foshaugen, Marina Hiller (2019). Gode byrom og kriminalitetsforebyggende arbeid. Full text in Research Archive
• Foshaugen, Marina Hiller (2019). Politi og arkitekter. [Journal]. PLAN Tidsskrift . Full text in Research Archive

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